Sheet construction and method of making same



Patented Aug. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES JOHANNES KJEKSTAD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SHEET CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

' Application filed November 29, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHANN-ES KJEKsrAD,

a subject of the King of Norway, residing at the city of New York, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sheet Constructions and Methods of Making Same, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. 7

This invention relates to composite constructions and a method of assembly of the same where a large sheet, pipe, or plate is formed by the assembly of a plurality of small sheets or plates that are then secured to one another in a suitable manner. For exeample, in theconstruction of boilers, ships,

=tanks, pipes, smokestacks, etc., the large -walls thereof are formed of a plurality of small plates which overlap with one another and are secured together by rivets, welding, etc. In prior constructions, at the points of intersection of three of the plates, it was necessary to scarf the plates of each layer at their juncture to provide smooth seams and 2 the scarfing is expensive and unsatisfactory.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved composite or sheetconstruction and improved method of making the same,

in which construction scarfing is avoided, in which the greatest thickness is not more than the sum of two thicknesses of the component plates, which can be formed from component plates or units of a single size, and which can be easily and inexpensively assembled.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description and the novel features of the invention will be iparticularly pointed out in claims.

In the practice of the invention a number of the plates are first arranged in staggered relation to one another with their adjoining edges in the same plane and abutting and overrunning somewhat with one another. A second layer of plates is then placed upon the first layer in a similar staggered relation to one another, but covering the staggered openings between'the staggered plates in the first layer. The edges of the plates of the second layer abut with one another and overrun in a manner similar to that in the first layer and overlap the plates of the first layer around the staggered openings. The plates are then secured together in any suitable manner such as by welding. To facilitate the assembly, the abutting edges of the Serial No. 518,733.

plates of each layer may have,:at the points where they cross the abutting edges of the plates in the other plane or layer, complemental notches, such as semi-circles, which form aligned apertures in the superposed layers for the reception of suitable securing devices, such as bolts or rivets, that hold the plates 1n proper relation while the seams are eing riveted or welded, after which the bolts or rivets throu h the apertures may, 1f desired, be removed and filled with weldmg metal. In the preferred embodiment, the successive abutting edges of each plate .or unit when extended and when the-plate is unrolled into a flat plane make equal angles with one another and the adjacent abutting edges or corners are non-parallel. With this arrangement, all of the plates ,may then be exact duplicates, which considerably lessens the cost and any possible confusion attendant upon assembly of the component units.

In the accompanying drawing- Figure l is a plan ofa sheet constructed in accordance with my invention and illustratlng the preferred embodiment;

Figure 2 is a section of the same taken substantially along the line .r 1 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section of the same taken substantially along the line rs of Figure 1 Figure 4 is a plan of one of the component plates or units of the same;

Figure 5 is a .plan of a sheet constructed in accordance with my invention and illustrating a modified embodiment: and

Figure 6 is an elevation of a composite pipe constructed in accordance with my invention.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, the sheet construction is formed from a plurality of duplicate component plates or units 1 having cut-01f corner edges 2 making angles of 4-5 degrees with one another when extended. The corner edges are provided with notches 3 for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. A number of the plates, such. as a, c, d, f, 2', 70, Z, m, etc., are arranged in the same plane in staggered relation to one another with their edges 2 abutting and overrunning somewhat with one another. Other of the plates designated B, E, G, H, J, M, 0, etc., are arranged in a second plane over the first layer of plates in staggered relation with respect to one another, and with the plates in the second layer covering the apertures formed between the staggered plates of the first layer. The

plates of the second-layer have then; edges2 abutting and' 'overrunni'ng --with res t to one another, and the edges of the p ates ofthe second layer also overlap with the. edges' surrounding each.'aperture of the plates of the first layer.- It willthusfbe seen that there will be no open spaces between any of the plates with this arran ement. The

notches 3 of the plates of each ayer together formapertures mthe'layer. The notches '3 are dis osed in'the edges 2 at the points I where t e abutting edges between the plates of one la er cross the corresponding edges between t eplates of the other layer, so that the apertures formed in the abuttingedges of the plates in each layer are aligned w th correspondin apertures between the; plates of the other layer and together form apertures through'the superposed "plates of botli, layers. Service'bolts or: rivets (not shown) may be passed through the ali 'edp'apen tures so as to clamp the'plates of oth layers together and hold them in positioniwhilefthe edges of the plates ofeach layer 'are welded to ether and to the'plates of the other layer; A ter the-plates are welded, oi otherwise secured together, the service bolts or rivets ma be removed and the'aperture's filled with we ding metal 4 torender. 'the compLositef sheet construction imperforate.

In the embodiment 1llustrated'in Figure"5 the lates or units5'are rectangular inshape, witld out the cut-ofl corners, and-two of the o posite ed es of each plate are" provided a j acent thelr ends with'notches 6 which correspond with notches 3 of the plates 1. These plates are assembled in the manner illustrated in Figure 5 and similar to the ar-' rangement shown inFigure 1;- the plates of one of the layers, however,'of necessity, being larger than the latesof the 'other layer. The plates of t ese' layers are secured together temporarily by service'bolt's or rivets in a manner similar to that explained for the construction of Fi re 1, while the plates of each layer are'belng secured together, and to the plates of the other layer, such as by welding or riveting. 'The service bolts may then be removed and the Zpertures filled with welding metal as re.

In Figure 6 I have illustrated the application of the invention to composite pi e lines, smokestacks, etc. In such devices t e tubes, if of large diameter, are formed of a plurality of-small curved plates which'are riveted or welded together. It is equally desirous that the maximum thickness atany point he kept to the sum of the thiclmesses of two of the plates, and that scarfing be avoided. Accordingly the plates 7 of each layer (outer and lnner) are arranged in staggered relation to one another wlth the abutting edges ,8 of the plates of each layer :preIerably out off at rivet.

"*lt ill be observed that with all of these at each corner disposed in the same plane with the other plates in the same layer may be straight contmuations-of'the edges of rectan ular plates as shown in Figure 5, but are ual angles to the ma or edge portions as s own in Figures 1 to 4 and 6, since with this'arrangement the plates may all be exact duplicates. The

"edges 8 are also provided with notches 9 which together "at the abutting edges form v apertures for freceiying 'teniporary service bolts orfrivets' fasek'planied li'ereinbefore."

I The seams and abutting edges are" welded or otherwise secnred,-and theapertures may be filled withiw'elding xnetail or a permanent constructions, thefcompositesheet at no point has a thickness'great'er thaiithe sum of the of two 'pl ates,jfand "that scarfing *is' 'pnn ecessary. The component plates or units of WhlCll' the composite or sheet con-' struction; is formed ma *be'stamped .at a single 'operati'onyor laid tt'with' asingn template. In: the embodiment shown in Figarea 1 to Land 6, hate single'siz e'plate 1s necessary, and 'i'n 'the embod1ment"shown in Figure 5" but itwoQsiies of 'plates'are neces sary. 'Theiei fis suflicie'n't i overlap between the plates-"of each layer so 'that'afvery'firm -seam byeither welding 'or 'rive'ting may be .Obta-inei' In the form of plate shown in Figure 4 the successive abutting edges 2 when extended make equal angles" with one janother, and ad acent' corners or' edges 2 of each late are non-parallel so thatthe latesma "a lbe duplicates a'nd'of as in'gl'e s ze; and t e portions of the-edges between the corners or edges 2mayhave any desired confi ration without interfering with the asse'mb of the plates- 1n the manner. described. For example, the plates may be 'circular' with segments removed tofprovide the abutting edges.

While I have shown'and described the plates as having their suocessive'edges 2 making angles of 45 de s with one an- "other when extended, it is to be understood that other-angles between '0 degree and degrees may be within the principle of the invention.

It-will be understood that by the expres sion sheet construction for sheet as used in thespecification and claims, I mean a composite" construction formed from the componentunits or plates whether or not the composite sheet and component plates are flat or curved. f

It will be obvious that various. other changes. in the details and arrangements herein described and illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention.

I claim:

l. In a sheet formed of connected plates, a plurality of plates arranged in the same plane in staggered relation to one another with their abutting ed es overrunning one another and with the a igned plates spaced apart to form staggered openings, and additional plates disposed over the staggered openings between the staggered plates and secured thereto with their edges overlappin the first mentioned staggered plates an with their ed 'es abutting and overrunning with one anot ier.

2. In a sheet formed of connected plates, a plurality of plates arranged in the same plane in sta gered relation to one another with their a%uttin ed overrunning one another and with t e ali gned plates spaced apart to form staggered openin and additional plates disposed over t 1e staggered openings between the staggered plates and secured thereto with their edges overlapping the first mentioned staggered plates and with their edges abutting and overrunning with one another,.the abutting ed es of the plates in each plane, having at t e points where theycross the abutting edges of the plates in the other plane, complemen-tal notches to form aligned a ertures in the superposed layers of plates or the reception of securin devices to hold the plates together whi e being permanently connected.

3. In a sheet formed of connected plates, a plurality of duplicate plates arranged in the same plane in staggered relation to one another with abuttin edges overrunning one another and wit the aligned plates spaced apart to form staggered openings, and additional plates, duplicates of the other plates, disposed over the staggered openings between the staggered plates and secured thereto with the edges of said additional plates overlapping the first mentioned staggered plates and also abutting and overrunmug with one another, each of the abutting overrunning edges of each plate being nonparallel to the next adjacent abutting overrunping edge of the same plate, and the suc cessive abutting edges of each plate making equal angles with one another.

4. The method of securing plates together to form a sheet of two-plate thickness, which comprises arranging a number of plates in the same plane in staggered relation to one another with the abuttin edges overrunning with one another and with the aligned plates spaced apart to form staggered openmgs, placing t e other plates in a secondplane over the staggered openings between the staggered plates in the first plane with their e ges abutting and overrunnin with one another and also overlapping with the edges of the plates in the first plane, and seeurin all of the plates to ether.

5. n a device formed 0 connected plates, a plurality of duplicate plates arranged in staggered relation to one another, each plate having its corners makin equal acute angles with imaginary straight line's joining adjacent corners, the abutti corner edges of the plates overrunning wi-t one another, and additional plates, duplicates of the first mentioned plates, disposed in a second layer to cover the staggered openings between the staggered lates and secured thereto, the abuttin e gesof the plates of the second layer a so overrunning with one another.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my signature.

JOHANNES KJEKSTAD. 

